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 | موضوع: Immunology of Skin  الأربعاء أبريل 15, 2009 10:33 am | |
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Immunology of Skin
Structures
Epidermal barrier - innate immunity, protective barrier
Cells
Langerhans cell
Outermost immune cell
Important role in antigen presentation
T lymphocyte
Circulate through normal skin
Different types are present
Mast cell
Normal residents of the Dermis
Part of the inflammatory reaction
Keratinocyte
Have an immunological function
Can produce pro-inflammatory Citokines
Can express immune reactive molecules & intercellular adhesion molecules
Functional Systems
Skin-associated Lymphoid Tissue
Skin has a regulatory immunological function
Blood, Lymphatic drainage, circulating Lymphocytes & resident immune cells
Cytokines & eicosanoids
Mediate inflammatory response as well as action between cells
Complement
Activation of a complement cascade of events in the inflammatory response eg. Lysis & Chemotaxis for Neutrophils & Macrophages
Adhesion molecules
Help bind T cells & increase cell trafficking to the area
Immunogenetics
Tissue type Antigens of an individual
These Antigens are found in the major histocompatibility complex (MRC)
MRC located on the HLA gene cluster on chromosome 6
Vital for immunological recognition
eg. Psoriasis is associated with the B13 HLA Antigen
Hypersensitivity reactions and the Skin
Inappropriate or exaggerated response where tissue damage results
4 types
Type I (immediate)
Type II (antibody-dependent cytotoxicity)
Type III (immune complex disease)
Type IV (cell mediated or delayed
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