The diagrams below show the major external features of the human cranium and the major skull bones. The names in
.
FeatureLocationDescription
| angle of jaw or mandible | back of jaw | the corner of the jaw where the mandible body turns upwards into the ramus |
| aveolar process | maxilla, root of teeth | rugosities associated with tooth development |
| condyle of mandible | top of ramus of mandible | a ball-like end to the ramus of the mandible that forms a hinge with the temporal bone |
| coronal suture | top of head between frontal and parietal cranial bones | one of the major joints or sutures between the plates of the frontal and parietal cranial bones |
| external acoustic meatus | between ramus of mandible and mastoid process | a hole in the temporal cranial bone allowing the passage of sound to enter the inner ear |
| ethmoid bone | eye cavity | a cranial bone forming part of the eye cavity |
| forehead boss or frontal tuberosity | forehead | a feature of the frontal bone that forms the "bumps" in the forehead above the eyebrows |
| frontal bone | top of face (forehead) and front top of head | one of the major cranial bones that forms the forehead and front top of the head; roughly covers the frontal lobes of the brain |
| glabella | center of forehead | an area in the center of the forehead, between the eyebrows, that assumes various shapes on different individuals |
| lacrimal bone | inner corner of eye socket | a small bone forming a cavity for the tear gland |
| lambdoid suture | back of head | suture or joint between the occipital and parietal cranial bones |
| mandible or jaw bone | lower part of jaw | the lower jaw bone is the only skull bone that moves, i.e., during mastication, speech, and expression; carries the lower teeth |
| maxilla | upper part of jaw | the two maxillae form the center of the face with many attaching muscles; carry the upper teeth; form part of the eye orbit; act like keystones into which the other facial bones fit |
| mastoid process | lower part of temporal bone, behind ramus of jaw | built up area of the lower temporal bone where important neck muscles attach |
| mental protuberance | chin boss | a feature of the mandible at the lower front part of the chin which underlies part of the chin boss |
| mental tuberosities | chin boss | a dual bulbous formation of the mandible that underlies part of the chin boss |
| nasal bone | nose | forms the upper part of the nose and nasal bridge; the lower part of the bridge is formed of cartilage |
| nasal concha | nasal cavity | formations creating part of the nasal cavity |
| nasal spine | center of nose | feature of maxilla facial bone at center of nose to which septum is attached |
| occipital bone | the lower rear of the head | a major cranial bone at the lower back of the head; covers occipital lobe of the brain |
| parietal bone | top and side of head | a major cranial bone that froms part of the top, back, and side of the head and roughly covers the parietal lobe of the brain |
| ramus of mandible | back part of the mandible | the more vertical part of the mandible |
| sphenoid bone | temple and eye orbit area | a cranial bone that forms part of the eye cavity |
| squamosal suture | side of head between parietal and temporal bones | one of the major joints or sutures between the parietal and temporal cranial bones |
| supraorbial foramen | upper orbit of eye | a hole in the frontal bone where nerves and blood vessels pass through; forms a notch in the orbit of the eye |
| supraorbital process | eyebrows | a formation of the frontal bone above the orbit of the eye, under and above the eyebrows that affects the appearance of the eyebrows |
| temporal bone | side of the head, above the ear | a cranial bone on the side of the head that roughly covers the temporal lobe of the brain; it extends down behind the ear towards the jaw |
| temporal lines | front part of temple and lower part of frontal bones | lines in the frontal bone around the temple |
| volmer | nasal cavity | a facial bone on the centerline of the nose that forms part of the nasal cavity |
| zygomatic bone | cheek | the principal cheek bone; origin of zygomatic and other facial muscles |
| zygomatic process | bones bordering zygomatic bone | the temporal and maxilla bones have areas next to the zygomatic bone |
السبت أبريل 25, 2009 10:30 am
